Words Matter

A plain-language glossary for the words that shape public life.

Political Systems & Ideologies

Government structures and political philosophies that shape how power is distributed, who makes decisions, and how authority is justified. These terms are often used loosely. This section pins down their actual meanings and explains how they function in practice.

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Reform

Changes made within existing systems to correct problems, improve performance, or update rules. It can adjust procedures, shift authority, or reorient goals, depending on how laws, policies, and institutions are redesigned.