Words Matter

A plain-language glossary for the words that shape public life.

Political Systems & Ideologies

Government structures and political philosophies that shape how power is distributed, who makes decisions, and how authority is justified. These terms are often used loosely. This section pins down their actual meanings and explains how they function in practice.

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Shadow Docket

The Supreme Court’s emergency decisions and procedural orders issued without full briefing or explanation. These fast, often unsigned rulings can have significant legal and policy effects.

Oversight

Refers to the systems that monitor how public agencies and officials use their power. It includes reviewing decisions, ensuring compliance with law and policy, and holding institutions accountable through audits, investigations, and public reporting.